Once the capital of the Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman Empires, this dynamic city tells a story with every street, mosque and skyline view. It’s a place where East meets West, tradition blends with modern life and centuries-old landmarks sit alongside lively cafés and bustling bazaars.
Whether you're visiting for the first time or returning to dig deeper, there are countless things to do in Istanbul that showcase the city’s unique character. Here are 10 things Istanbul, Turkey is known for—and the top experiences to include on your itinerary.
1. The Hagia Sophia
Istanbul, Turkey is known for the Hagia Sophia, a magnificent architectural wonder that has stood for over 1,500 years. Originally built as a Byzantine cathedral and now serving again as a mosque, this awe-inspiring structure features a massive dome, mosaics and centuries of layered history. It’s one of the most iconic sites in the city and a must-visit for any traveler.
2. The Blue Mosque
Just across the square from Hagia Sophia is the Sultan Ahmed Mosque, famously known as the Blue Mosque due to the thousands of blue Iznik tiles decorating its interior. With its six minarets, cascading domes and peaceful courtyard, it's one of the most photographed landmarks in Istanbul—and still functions as a place of worship today.
3. The Grand Bazaar
One of the largest and oldest covered markets in the world, the Grand Bazaar is a maze of over 4,000 shops selling everything from carpets and lanterns to spices and jewelry. Haggling is part of the experience and wandering through the colorful corridors is one of the most exciting things to do in Istanbul for visitors who love to shop and explore local craftsmanship.
4. Bosphorus Strait Cruises
Istanbul sits along the Bosphorus Strait, the natural divide between Europe and Asia. A Bosphorus cruise is a scenic way to take in the city's skyline, with views of Ottoman palaces, waterfront mansions, mosques and the iconic Bosphorus Bridge. It’s a relaxing way to appreciate the city’s geographic and cultural duality.
5. Topkapi Palace
Istanbul, Turkey is known for Topkapi Palace, the opulent residence of Ottoman sultans for nearly 400 years. Set above the Bosphorus, the palace features grand courtyards, intricately tiled rooms, a treasury filled with jewels and the famous Harem, which offers a fascinating look into royal life. It’s a highlight for anyone interested in the grandeur of the Ottoman Empire.
6. Turkish Baths (Hammams)
For a unique cultural experience, visit one of Istanbul’s historic hammams or Turkish baths. Places like Çemberlitaş Hammam and Ayasofya Hurrem Sultan Hammam offer traditional bathing rituals that include steam rooms, scrubs and massages in elegant, marble-clad settings. It’s both relaxing and a step into centuries-old wellness traditions.
7. The Spice Bazaar
Also known as the Egyptian Bazaar, the Spice Bazaar is a sensory delight filled with the aromas of saffron, sumac, cinnamon and dried fruits. Vendors here also sell teas, Turkish delights and locally made goods. Located near the waterfront in the Eminönü (Pérama) district, it’s a flavorful stop whether you’re browsing or buying.
8. Galata Tower and Karaköy District
Istanbul, Turkey is known for its stunning views and the Galata Tower is one of the best places to enjoy them. Climb to the top for a panoramic look at the Bosphorus, Golden Horn and old city skyline. Nearby, the Karaköy district has emerged as a trendy neighborhood full of cafes, street art, boutiques and waterfront dining—a great area to explore on foot.
9. Taksim Square and Istiklal Street
Modern Istanbul comes alive in Taksim Square, the city’s central hub for shopping, dining and nightlife. The pedestrian-only Istiklal Street (İstiklal Caddesi) is lined with international brands, bookstores, bakeries and restaurants. A vintage red tram still runs along the boulevard, adding to the charm of one of the busiest—and liveliest—areas in the city.
10. Whirling Dervishes and Sufi Culture
For a deeper connection to Turkish spiritual traditions, consider attending a Whirling Dervish ceremony, an entrancing form of Sufi meditation and performance. The whirling dance symbolizes spiritual ascent and witnessing it in person—often accompanied by traditional music—is one of the most profound cultural experiences in Istanbul.
Whether you’re visiting for the architecture, the food or the unforgettable ambiance, Istanbul invites you to explore its story—one mosaic, market and mosque at a time.
Ready to uncover the best of this historic city? Explore these Istanbul shore excursions to plan your perfect day of discovery.
FAQs
1. What is Istanbul, Turkey Known For?
Istanbul, Turkey is known for its rich imperial history, iconic landmarks like Hagia Sophia and the Grand Bazaar and its unique position between Europe and Asia. From sailing the Bosphorus to sipping tea in a centuries-old market, there are countless things to do in Istanbul that reflect its complexity and charm. Whether you’re visiting for the architecture, the food or the unforgettable ambiance, Istanbul invites you to explore its story—one mosaic, market and mosque at a time.
2. Where is Istanbul, Turkey Located?
Istanbul is located in northwestern Turkey, straddling both Europe and Asia across the Bosphorus Strait. The city is unique for being the only metropolis in the world that spans two continents. Its position between the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara has made it a crossroads of cultures, trade and empires for thousands of years.
3. Is Istanbul Worth Visiting?
Yes, Istanbul is worth visiting for its extraordinary mix of history, culture and vibrant modern life. From exploring Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque to wandering through the Grand Bazaar or taking a Bosphorus cruise, the city offers endless things to do. Food, art and nightlife add to the appeal, making Istanbul one of the world’s most dynamic destinations.
4. What Languages Do They Speak in Istanbul?
The official language in Istanbul is Turkish, but English is widely spoken in tourist areas, hotels and restaurants. Visitors will also hear Arabic, Kurdish and other languages due to the city’s diverse population. While most travelers get by easily with English, learning a few Turkish phrases like “merhaba” (hello, pronounced mehr-HAH-bah) and “teşekkürler” (thank you, pronounced teh-she-koor-lehr) is always appreciated.
5. What is the Nickname of Istanbul?
One of Istanbul’s most famous nicknames is the “City on Two Continents,” reflecting its location across Europe and Asia. Historically, it was also called Byzantium and Constantinople, names that highlight its long imperial past. Today, the nickname underscores the cultural, geographic and historical uniqueness that sets Istanbul apart from other world cities.
6. What are 5 Facts About Istanbul?
Here are five interesting facts about Istanbul: 1. Istanbul is the only city in the world that sits on two continents. 2. The Grand Bazaar is one of the oldest and largest covered markets, dating back to the 15th century. 3. Hagia Sophia has served as a church, mosque, museum and mosque again across its 1,500-year history. 4. The Bosphorus Strait connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara, making it one of the world’s busiest waterways. 5. Istanbul was the capital of three great empires: Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman.
